Hrt and the risk of developing endometrial cancer

HRT AND THE RISK OF DEVELOPING ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
Women with a uterus who use oestrogen on its own for several years face a risk of endometrial cancer that is five to ten times greater than for women not using oestrogen at all. After more than ten years of use, the risk is more than ten times greater than might be expected. Even after oestrogen is no longer being taken, the risk persists for many years, if not decades. This is why many doctors are reluctant to prescribe oestrogen on its own (in pill, patch or implant form) to women with a uterus, preferring to add progestogen to protect the endometrium from possible cancer development. The most common exception is oestrogen in the form of vaginal creams, tablets and pessaries. These formulations can be used safely on their own provided that medical instructions are followed - daily for a week or so, but thereafter not more often than about two or three times a week.
Reassuringly, women who develop endometrial cancer while taking oestrogen typically have a good chance of survival. This is probably because doctors tend to keep a close watch on the health of such women and, at the first sign of unusual bleeding, the endometrium is examined and curative surgery performed.
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